Wednesday, June 8, 2011
Question #10
This year was a good year for me, but I had a little problem with this class. It was challenging, but sometimes i think it got too hard. I feel like it was good that you pushed us to do our best and i can say that my writing has become 1000 times better. Personally, I would much rather take a scantron exam than do what we did today, but I am glad that you let us experience something different. I felt that I did not get off to a good start. It wasn't my fault that the internet was broken, and I found using the MAC to be very confusing. I feel that I tried my hardest on the exam, and used what I could from what I have learned. Overall i did like this class. Thanks for a good year!!!
Question #9
I think that Shakespeare is the best example of a Renaissance Man. A Renaissance Man is a man who basically represented that time period. He represented it with his writings. He had great skills, and became very famous. Even though his writings were depressing and not very happy, he was a great writer. He truly was a Renaissance Man. He wrote many plays and was able to show them off at the Globe Theater. One great example of his writing is, "A fool thinks himself to be wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool." In this, you can see his intelligence. Two more are, "Better three hours too soon than a minute too late," and, ""But men are men; the best sometimes forget." He was a great writer, and should be remembered as a very important person in society.
Famous Quotes at BrainyQuote. (n.d.). Famous Quotes at BrainyQuote. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.brainyquote.com/
Famous Quotes at BrainyQuote. (n.d.). Famous Quotes at BrainyQuote. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.brainyquote.com/
Question #8
1
figure 2
figure 3
figure 4
figure 5
figure 6
Figures number 2,4, and 6 are Gothic Cathedrals, and 1,3, and 5 are all Romanesque. Gothic architecture came after the Romanesque architecture. The Gothic architecture period lasted from the twelfth to fourteenth century. Gothic churches have many windows. These windows have pointed tops unlike the Romanesque which have rounded tops (see figure 3). Even the arches in the Gothic Architecture were pointed at the top. It showed the elegance and the sophistication of these works of art. The French Christians that worshiped and built these churches wanted to let the light shine in. They believed that God was shining His light and that it needed to be seen. The inside of the Cathedrals are very delicate compared to the Romanesque. They are colorful rather than dark and gloomy (see figure 4). These windows were extreme works of art. They were filled with colorful stained glass and it is easy to see the tedious effort put into this phenomenal building.
Romanesque architecture gets its name from Roman architecture because they are both a little alike. This period began in the ninth century when the economy was good enough to begin building good churches. These buildings were made of stone, in order to protect the people in case of an emergency in the town (see figure 1). The Romanesque churches far outnumbered the number of castles at this time, even though many castle were being built. Romanesque architecture had rounded arched and windows. These buildings were used more as a form of protection then as a place of worship. Obviously by the way they were built, the Romanesque churches were so that no one could invade the town and hurt people. Even on the inside of the churches, there is not much color (see figure 2). The inside is dark and there were very few windows. There are pillars inside, but not the delicate and beautiful designs that you would imagine; they are think and sturdy once again to symbolize and show the protection. Most of these churches include one large window called a rose window, and arches. All of these accessories and add- in show the strength and meaning of these buildings, and although, this is a much different type of architecture compared to Gothic architecture.
Gothic Architecture - History for Kids!. (n.d.). Kidipede - History for Kids - Homework Help for Middle School. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/
Gothic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goth
File:Reims Kathedrale.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:
File:Se de Lisboa Frente.JPG - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Se_
Reims Cathedral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reim
File:Angouleme cathedral StPierre a.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ango
File:Bruxelles Notre-Dame du Sablon.jpg. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bruxelles_Notre-Dame_du_Sablon.jpg
File:Sainte chapelle - Upper level.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sainte_chapelle_-_Upper_level.jpg
Castle, b., & Lebanon. (n.d.). Romanesque architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romane
Question #7
1. The Black Death was started in Europe by rats. It was started by the fleas that were on the Rat's back. The rats brought in the fleas which clung to humans. This started a raging sickness that wiped out a large amount of the population.
2. Symptoms of the plague were buboes which were bumps filled with puss that ooze and bleed. Most people in this condition ended up dying, but if the buboes were taken care of, there was a chance of survival. Next, the person would get a raging fever and throw up blood. Because most victims only lasted about seven days, there was not much that the doctors could do about it. There was not much that could be done to relive the discomfort, and it did not help that no one wanted to get near the infected ones. This was highly contagious and no one wanted to catch it.
3. I think that people in America would be afraid. Even though we are equip to deal with it, we probably would not be able to overcome it. When the Swine flu came out just about a year ago, people were already freaking out. Even though we were able to find a vaccine, it took a while. The plague spread so quickly that it would probably be very hard for us to be able to react so fast.
People would also not want to get near the sick person. Even when someone just has the flu, no one wants to catch it. Once one person got too close and received the disease, there would be no going back.
rne., Pestilence, J. P., Pandemics., & A-M, P. (n.d.). Black Death - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bla
Medieval Sourcebook: Boccaccio: The Decameron - Introduction . (n.d.).FORDHAM.EDU. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/
2. Symptoms of the plague were buboes which were bumps filled with puss that ooze and bleed. Most people in this condition ended up dying, but if the buboes were taken care of, there was a chance of survival. Next, the person would get a raging fever and throw up blood. Because most victims only lasted about seven days, there was not much that the doctors could do about it. There was not much that could be done to relive the discomfort, and it did not help that no one wanted to get near the infected ones. This was highly contagious and no one wanted to catch it.
3. I think that people in America would be afraid. Even though we are equip to deal with it, we probably would not be able to overcome it. When the Swine flu came out just about a year ago, people were already freaking out. Even though we were able to find a vaccine, it took a while. The plague spread so quickly that it would probably be very hard for us to be able to react so fast.
People would also not want to get near the sick person. Even when someone just has the flu, no one wants to catch it. Once one person got too close and received the disease, there would be no going back.
rne., Pestilence, J. P., Pandemics., & A-M, P. (n.d.). Black Death - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bla
Medieval Sourcebook: Boccaccio: The Decameron - Introduction . (n.d.).FORDHAM.EDU. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/
Question #6
http://jcexam.wikispaces.com/Richard
2. I am Salidin, and I am glad that we made a peaceful pact to share the Holy City. I can not believe that the Crusaders were planning to kill everyone. Richard should have come to me first and we should have talked peacefully to begin with. He could have destroyed me if he had come the last time. I was very worried, but relieved when i found out he retreated. It had taken me so long for me to take over this place, and I would not want to lose it to someone who would wipeout all of my history.
When I first took over Jerusalem, I was not hard on the Christians at all. I let them live. The one thing that I did that was rude was that I took their cross and hid it. In the future, it will probably never be found. Overall, I am upset that I have to share the holy city, but I will do it becuase if not, we might get it taken away from us.
horsemen, t. T., & defeated&, w. w. (n.d.). Medieval Sourcebook: The Capture of Jerusalem by Saladin, 1187 .FORDHAM.EDU. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.fordham.edu/halsall
2. I am Salidin, and I am glad that we made a peaceful pact to share the Holy City. I can not believe that the Crusaders were planning to kill everyone. Richard should have come to me first and we should have talked peacefully to begin with. He could have destroyed me if he had come the last time. I was very worried, but relieved when i found out he retreated. It had taken me so long for me to take over this place, and I would not want to lose it to someone who would wipeout all of my history.
When I first took over Jerusalem, I was not hard on the Christians at all. I let them live. The one thing that I did that was rude was that I took their cross and hid it. In the future, it will probably never be found. Overall, I am upset that I have to share the holy city, but I will do it becuase if not, we might get it taken away from us.
horsemen, t. T., & defeated&, w. w. (n.d.). Medieval Sourcebook: The Capture of Jerusalem by Saladin, 1187 .FORDHAM.EDU. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.fordham.edu/halsall
Question #5
It is fair to say that our country is not like the modern day Rome. We have so many different things than Rome had. Their leaders were not as concerned with the people as they were with themselves.Our country has many weapons that are more advanced then any that were in Roman time. Of course, there are some that are similar, but the changes made in order to make them safer and more useful are very important. Today, we are advanced with technology, stable leaders, and medical devices.
Technology today is a big part of the world. In Roman times, messages were sent by a horse. The U.S.A. has the privilege to be able to click a button, and any message can be sent to any amount of people. Rome also had to write or remember all of the information. Our country is able to type everything down. In an article by the Annistan Star, it talks about the advances in agricultural technology. There are now super- powered hoses that are able to water entire fields. In Roman times, fields were watered by hand, and they probably were not even very big. These are just a few of the examples of how technology proves that the U.S.A. is not like the modern Rome at all.
Rome used to have unfair leaders who were all too concerned with themselves. Of course, there were a few that were good, just like we have had some that were bad, but is is still much different. War in ancient Rome were violent, and compared to ours today, very unorganized. The U.S. seems to have very civil wars compared to the way that they used to be. In an article by Opelika- Auburn News, President Obama frets about the decrease in jobs. It is good to know that there is a leader who is concerned for the entire being of the country and not just him or herself.
In today's times, we are much more medically advanced then they were in Roman times. There were many plagues, but if one hit here today, the U.S. would probably handle it with much more ease. In the article, Picking up the Pieces, it talks about victims who have bounced back after a huge tornado. Medical people were sent out right away to tend to the victims. Even though this is such a huge tragedy, it was not too hard to handle. This is the type of thing that these men and women who work in hospitals see everyday. We are lucky to be able to cope after this, but the Romans probably wouldn't have been. They did not have very sterile places to preform surgeries, any other type of medical operation. Many people died from infection from just a minor scrape. This is just one of the many reasons that this country could not be able to be called the modern day Roman Empire.
Today could not be called as the modern day Roman empire. We have far too much technology, medicine, and political advantages to be considered as that.
Newseum | Today's Front Pages | Hartford Courant. (n.d.). Newseum | Newseum Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/hr.asp?fpVname=CT_HC&ref_pge=gal&b
Newseum | Today's Front Pages | Opelika-Auburn News. (n.d.). Newseum | Newseum Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/hr.asp?fpVname=AL_OAN&ref_pge=gal
Newseum | Today's Front Pages | The Anniston Star. (n.d.). Newseum | Newseum Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/hr.asp?fpVname=AL_AS&ref_pge=gal&
Technology today is a big part of the world. In Roman times, messages were sent by a horse. The U.S.A. has the privilege to be able to click a button, and any message can be sent to any amount of people. Rome also had to write or remember all of the information. Our country is able to type everything down. In an article by the Annistan Star, it talks about the advances in agricultural technology. There are now super- powered hoses that are able to water entire fields. In Roman times, fields were watered by hand, and they probably were not even very big. These are just a few of the examples of how technology proves that the U.S.A. is not like the modern Rome at all.
Rome used to have unfair leaders who were all too concerned with themselves. Of course, there were a few that were good, just like we have had some that were bad, but is is still much different. War in ancient Rome were violent, and compared to ours today, very unorganized. The U.S. seems to have very civil wars compared to the way that they used to be. In an article by Opelika- Auburn News, President Obama frets about the decrease in jobs. It is good to know that there is a leader who is concerned for the entire being of the country and not just him or herself.
In today's times, we are much more medically advanced then they were in Roman times. There were many plagues, but if one hit here today, the U.S. would probably handle it with much more ease. In the article, Picking up the Pieces, it talks about victims who have bounced back after a huge tornado. Medical people were sent out right away to tend to the victims. Even though this is such a huge tragedy, it was not too hard to handle. This is the type of thing that these men and women who work in hospitals see everyday. We are lucky to be able to cope after this, but the Romans probably wouldn't have been. They did not have very sterile places to preform surgeries, any other type of medical operation. Many people died from infection from just a minor scrape. This is just one of the many reasons that this country could not be able to be called the modern day Roman Empire.
Today could not be called as the modern day Roman empire. We have far too much technology, medicine, and political advantages to be considered as that.
Newseum | Today's Front Pages | Hartford Courant. (n.d.). Newseum | Newseum Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/hr.asp?fpVname=CT_HC&ref_pge=gal&b
Newseum | Today's Front Pages | Opelika-Auburn News. (n.d.). Newseum | Newseum Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/hr.asp?fpVname=AL_OAN&ref_pge=gal
Newseum | Today's Front Pages | The Anniston Star. (n.d.). Newseum | Newseum Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/hr.asp?fpVname=AL_AS&ref_pge=gal&
Question #4
Herodotus writes everything down and Thucydides doesn’t write down everything. Herodotus is often criticized from taking general information and make it kind of into a story, but Thucydides is more to the point and specific about things. It is much more important to have better information than more information. Herodotus had much more, but Thucydides had much better so overall Thucydides had the better approach.
Herodotus:
DEALBOOK. (n.d.). Sept. 11, 2001 News - The New York Times. Times Topics. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/s/sept_11_2001/index.html?scp=1-spot&sq=September%2011&st=
DEALBOOK. (n.d.). Sept. 11, 2001 News - The New York Times. Times Topics. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/s/sept_11_2001/index.html?scp=1-spot&sq=September%2011&st=
Thucydides:
WEISER, B. (n.d.). Court Filings Assert Iran Had Link to 9/11 Attacks - NYTimes.com.The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/20/world/middleeast/20terror.html?ref=sept112001
The first article that was chosen for Herodotus was because it was very detailed. It told a story about the event that occurred. This is a good article for him because he put things into detail. Everything that he wrote was probably exciting to read and held the reader's attention. In the article, very powerful and large words are used in order to make it more exciting. Herodotus might have wanted to do this in order to hold historians attention or to be remembered.
The second article that was chosen for Thucydides would fit him perfectly. It has information, but it is straight to the point. Unlike the first article, it would be one that most people would not want to read. It is a better approach though because the history is accurate, and will not be confused. Even though these articles are not exactly how these would be in their time, they are good examples for these two men.
Question #3
Both the Egyptians and the Greeks were obsessed with death. The Egyptians had their processes of dealing with the body after death, and they would have parties during this ceremony. The difference was that the Egyptians purposely put the dead person's favorite items in the tomb. The Greeks believed that as soon as the body was dead, the psyche or spirit immediately rose. Both of theses groups had certain rituals that were to be preformed for the ceremony. The Egyptians also had a myth that when the dead person wanted to go into the afterlife, their heart would be weighed by a guard and if it was lighter then a feather, they were excepted but if not, they would not be. Even though the Greeks believe that the dead are already risen, they are still offered gifts like food. Both the Greeks and the Egyptians were simialar in many ways, but their views of the afterlife and what happened when you get there are different.
Period, T. (n.d.). Death, Burial, and the Afterlife in Ancient Greece | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: metmuseum.org. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.metmuseum.org/toa
The Egyptian Book of the Dead Index. (n.d.). Internet Sacred Text Archive Home. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/
Question #2
1. The agricultural evolution was so important to the development in cities because of the growth in population in this time period. Trade was becoming much more popular so it was necessary for people to be able to collect more goods. This led to settlement for the people so that they could begin to grow crops and raise livestock. This was good because less hunting was needed and more crops were able to be planted and grown. The revolution gave cities a surplus of food so there was no more worrying about not being able to provide.
2.
3. Everything is gone today. All of our resources are gone. The crops that once grew tall and healthy is now dead. We have so much pollution in the air, and everyone is sick. Not only have all our food gone, but also all of our technology. The computers are crashed so now we are forced to write by hand. The problem is that because computers have seemed to ave taken over, writing has stopped being taught. now we must fix this generation and teach them everything.
We are not yet sure if countries across the sea have ended up the same way. We have no way to contact them, and today we are risking it and sending people over on boats. Now everyone sees that we should have planned for this. With all of our advancements, this should have been no problem. Because we did not prepare, we ended up in trouble.
Neolithic Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo
View Question 2 in a larger map
Monday, May 23, 2011
Least Favorite Job From The Middle Ages
The job that I would like to have the least would probably be the barber surgeon. I can not stand the sight of blood of the sound of tearing skin as it is, so it is so horrible that people have to do that. In those times, they probably has no sedatives or advanced medications, so the people were probably screaming in pain. Can you imagine after the surgery? People were probably in so much pain and their wounds were most likely going to be infected. Some of the tools that people had to use were old- looking and unsanitary. I would not like to be the one to blame for a death or serious illness because of the surgery that I preformed. I also can not stand the sight of a needle. I don’t think that the needles back then were small and advanced like they are today so it would be so gross to inject a large needle into a screaming kid or adult. Another thing that is gross about anywhere that medical surgeries are preformed is the smell. The smell of blood and metal. Back then there was not air conditioning and the smell could sit around for days or weeks at a time… EW! The surgeons probably at some point used leeches to take blood or puncture the skin, and the way that leeches were collated was another thing that no one would want to do. They were collected using women with bare legs who when out into the river and had them stuck to her. This had to be very unsanitary. For example, one leech could have been used for multiple people. This brings me to wonder what would happen if some infected blood from another person was put into a different leech user. All together, both of these jobs seemed unsanitary and very unappealing, and hopefully I will never have to preform them in my lifetime.
Friday, May 20, 2011
Emily Patrick's Freshman Year
This year was pretty fun and exciting for Emily Patrick, the incoming freshman at John Carroll High School. She learned a lot about herself and her new ways by coming to this school. Emily remembers here first week of school, she was confused and had no idea about anything. She ran through the halls hoping that there would be time for her to remember her locker combination when she would finally find it. She did not realize though that the lockers and classrooms were organized in a certain way. All of the one hundred lockers were on the first floor, the second hundreds on the second floor and the three hundred on the third floors. Once she found this, it was much easier for her to navigate her way around school. She also made many new friends this year. Because it was hard for Emily to try and make new friends, she pushed herself to reach out to others and try to learn about them. This was a very new kind of experience for her. She also was able to join the volleyball team. Emily was very skeptical and thought that she would not be able to make the team. She had never played before, and focused on practicing for a few hours a week. When she found that she has made the team, she was ecstatic. Emily has been swimming for ten years. She made the John Carroll swim team with ease and was able to participate in the championship meet. She was very lucky because there was only one other freshman picked to go.
Emily has always loved art. She likes to doodle during class or go home and sketch out a small picture just for fun, but when it came to drawing something for am application, that was something else. She sat and thought for a while to think of the two pieces that she would draw for her art class application. She decided to draw an underwater scene and a vase. Once she had finally finished, she sent in her work and hoped for the best. When she saw the letter sitting on the table, she ran to it with excitement and nervousness that forced her to rip open the perfectly sealed envelope. She had mad it! Emily would now be part of the art class at her high school, and later would find that she would make the Art Honors Society. Today when she looks at her work, you can see the satisfaction in her face of what she has become.
Emily knows how far she has come. She knows that she tried her hardest this year to receive first and second honors, and that she hopes for the same if not better next year. In years to come, more friends, fun, and learning is hopefully in her future. She has had a great first year and shows it in here day to day activities. Emily is more confident and enthusiastic about life and understands that the harder you work for something, the larger possibility you will be able to achieve it. She expresses to never let people tell you that you can’t reach your goals because if you really look forward and work towards them, you are able to achieve more goals then you ever could have imagined. Emily Patrick can hardly wait until next year as she watches her wonderful freshman year come to an end.
Friday, May 6, 2011
Final Draft: Weekly #9
Question: Why is it so important to understand [i.e. the topic of your expert group] if one is to really understand the culture of the Middle Ages?
The codex manuscripts were very crucial to understand the culture of the Middle Ages. They show us the earliest forms of religion, and the way that these people understood it. The manuscripts were not only written in a way so that they were well- detailed and very legible, they were meant to teach people. There are many pictures in the manuscripts, and they described all of the stories. Codex manuscripts are very important because they are our earliest forms of the Bible. Codex manuscripts gave us an understanding of the culture of the Middle Ages; on how to make books, how religion was viewed at this time, and the way that religion was portrayed in the time of the Middle Ages.
Making manuscripts helped to teach the people of the Middle Ages how to use their technics to create books and used writing. “The Making of a Medieval Book explores the materials and techniques used to create the lavishly illuminated manuscripts produced in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance” (Getty). In order to make and write on pages, there are four steps. The first is to prepare the parchment. The fur was removed and the animal skin was pulled taught. This takes a few days and once the skin is thin enough, it is removed. The parchment is cut and ruled. Ruling is when lines are drawn to keep the writing straight. Next, is illumination; this makes the colors glow and the help the book to look good. Binding is the final step which involves a complicated process of putting the pages together and securing them so that the book will not fall apart. This is a very important process, and it was necessary so that our early religion history could be accurately recorded.
Four hundred year after Jesus’ crucifixion, one of the possibly oldest Bibles ever made, the Codex Sinaiticus was finished and bound. It is made of one thousand- four hundred pages. “The British Library, which begins an exhibition of the Codex Sinaiticus today, said the book gave first-hand evidence of how the text of the Bible had been transmitted from generation to generation” (Pigott). This gave us our first idea of the religious history. This is a huge accomplishment in the eyes of the church. It goes all the way back to less than five centuries after Jesus’ death. For all that is known, this could be one of the most accurate and important discoveries in our religion. This book was written in Greek and passed down for generations. This just shows how important it is to keep track of old documents because, this one especially, proved to be an important find for the Church and for all history.
Religion was written in the manuscripts, but most of the pages were pictures. Before things were written by using words, pictures were used. Even though at this time there were languages, people still often used pictures to tell a story or share a piece of information. One example of this that is known about from our religion, and one that is talked about in the Bible is that the people who knew Jesus drew a fish in the ground. At this time, people were also not very well educated. This is another good reason for the use of pictures. Even people who were not able to read the words on the page could look at the pictures and understand some of what was being told in the stories (see figure 1). In this picture that is located in one of the Gospels, it shows what is going on in the writing. The artwork in these books was phenomenal, and so was the writing. The illumination of the first letter starting a chapter and the neatness of the words is breathtaking. It is easy to see that time was taken to ensure that the book would look its best. Even though all of the writing was very important to these books, pictures were also a large part of them.
In conclusion, these manuscripts were important for setting examples for years to come, and making history that is part of our society today. The church is very lucky to be able to have these as a symbol of the religious history. Hopefully more manuscripts will be found, and more will be discovered. People need to realize that these are something that should be studied in order to learn more about not only religion, but also history. This topic gave a good understanding of the Middle Ages and its culture, and maybe even for more years to come.
figure 1
Works Cited
The Making of a Medieval Book (Getty Exhibitions). (n.d.). The Getty. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibiti
Pigott, R. (n.d.). Learning English - Words in the News - World's oldest Bible put online.BBC - Homepage. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/l
Manuscript and Rare Books at The Walters Art Museum . (n.d.). Art Collection of the Walters Art Museum . Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://art.thewalters.org/viewgallery.aspx?id=1255
Tuesday, May 3, 2011
ROUGH DRAFT: Weekly #9
Question: Why is it so important to understand [i.e. the topic of your expert group] if one is to really understand the culture of the Middle Ages?
The codex manuscripts were very crucial to understand the culture of the Middle Ages. They show us the earliest forms of religion, and the way that these people understood it. The manuscripts were not only written in a way so that they were well- detailed and very legible, they were meant to teach people. There are many pictures in the manuscripts, and they described all of the stories. Codex manuscripts are very important because they are our earliest forms of the Bible. These manuscripts gave us an understanding the culture of the middle ages and on how to make books and use certain materials in order to do so, how religion was viewed at this time, and the way that religion was portrayed in the time of the Middle Ages. These manuscripts gave us no understanding of any culture and the religion, the way it was portrayed, and how it was viewed.
Making manuscripts helped to teach the people of the Middle Ages how to use their technics to create books and used writing. “The Making of a Medieval Book explores the materials and techniques used to create the lavishly illuminated manuscripts produced in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance” (Getty). In order to make and write on pages, there are four steps. The first is to prepare the parchment. The fur was removed and the animal skin was pulled taught. This takes a few days and once the skin is thin enough, it is removed. The parchment is cut and ruled. Ruling is when lines are drawn to keep the writing straight. Next, is illumination; this makes the colors glow and the help the book to look good. Binding is the final step which involves a complicated process of putting the pages together and securing them so that the book will not fall apart. This is a very important process, and it was necessary so that our early religion history could be accurately recorded.
Four hundred year after Jesus’ crucifixion, one of the possibly oldest Bibles ever made, the Codex Sinaiticus was finished and bound. It is made of one thousand- four hundred pages. “The British Library, which begins an exhibition of the Codex Sinaiticus today, said the book gave first-hand evidence of how the text of the Bible had been transmitted from generation to generation” (Pigott). This gave us our first idea of the religious history. This is a huge accomplishment in the eyes of the church. It goes all the way back to less than five centuries after Jesus’ death. For all that we know, this could be one of the most accurate and important discoveries in our religion. This book was written in Greek and passed down for generations. This just shows how important it is to keep track of old documents because, this one especially, proved to be an important find for the Church and for all history.
Religion was written in the manuscripts, but most of the pages were pictures. Before things were written by using words, pictures were used. Even though at this time there were languages, people still often used pictures to tell a story or share a piece of information. One example of this that we know about from our religion, and one that is talked about in the Bible is that the people who knew Jesus drew a fish in the ground. At this time, people were also not very well educated. This is another good reason for the use of pictures. Even people who were not able to read the words o the page could look at the pictures and understand some of what was being told in the stories (see figure 1). In this picture that is located in one of the Gospels, it shows what is going on and being written about. The artwork in these books was phenomenal, and so was the writing. The illumination of the first letter starting a chapter and the neatness of the words is breathtaking. It is easy to see that time was taken to ensure that the book would look its best. Even though all of the writing was very important to these books, pictures were also a large part of them.
In conclusion, these manuscripts were important for setting examples for years to come, and making history that is part of our society today. The church is very lucky to be able to have these as a symbol of the religious history. Hopefully more manuscripts will be found, and more will be discovered. People need to realize that these are something that should be studied in order to learn more about not only religion, but also history. This topic gave a good understanding of the Middle Ages and its culture, and maybe even for more years to come.
Appendix
figure 1
Works Cited
The Making of a Medieval Book (Getty Exhibitions). (n.d.). The Getty. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibiti
Pigott, R. (n.d.). Learning English - Words in the News - World's oldest Bible put online.BBC - Homepage. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/l
Manuscript and Rare Books at The Walters Art Museum . (n.d.). Art Collection of the Walters Art Museum . Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://art.thewalters.org/viewgallery.aspx?id=1255
Friday, April 29, 2011
Final Draft: Weekly #8
How do Romanesque and Gothic Cathedrals express different understandings about religious theology?
The Romanesque and Gothic Cathedrals took place from roughly the ninth to fourteenth centuries. They were used to express different people’s views of religion. The Romanesque buildings were also used for protection. This also showed that the different buildings affected the worship of Christians. These buildings mainly originated in Europe. Romanesque and Gothic Cathedrals both express different understandings about
religious theology, and led the way for the changes and differences in Christianity.
Romanesque architecture gets its name from Roman architecture because they are both a little alike. This period began in the ninth century when the economy was good enough to begin building good churches. These buildings were made of stone, in order to protect the people in case of an emergency in the town (see figure 1). The Romanesque churches far outnumbered the number of castles at this time, even though many castle were being built. Romanesque architecture had rounded arched and windows. These buildings were used more as a form of protection then as a place of worship. Obviously by the way they were built, the Romanesque churches were so that no one could invade the town and hurt people. Even on the inside of the churches, there is not much color (see figure 2). The inside is dark and there were very few windows. There are pillars inside, but not the delicate and beautiful designs that you would imagine; they are think and sturdy once again to symbolize and show the protection. Most of these churches include one large window called a rose window, and arches. All of these accessories and add- in show the strength and meaning of these buildings, and although, this is a much different type of architecture compared to Gothic architecture.
Gothic architecture came after the Romanesque architecture. The Gothic architecture period lasted from the twelfth to fourteenth century. Gothic churches have many windows. These windows have pointed tops unlike the Romanesque which have rounded tops (see figure 3). Even the arches in the Gothic Architecture were pointed at the top. It showed the elegance and the sophistication of these works of art. The French Christians that worshiped and built these churches wanted to let the light shine in. They believed that God was shining His light and that it needed to be seen. The inside of the Cathedrals are very delicate compared to the Romanesque. They are colorful rather than dark and gloomy (see figure 4). These windows were extreme works of art. They were filled with colorful stained glass and it is easy to see the tedious effort put into this phenomenal building.
One well known Romanesque Cathedral is the Lisbon Cathedral. It is located in Lisbon Portugal, and has a rose window (see figure 5). Originally, the rose windows were only in the Gothic Cathedrals, but later on in the centuries the buildings began to be remodeled to let more light in. More windows were inserted to keep up with the newer times. This cathedral is a good example of how well- built these cathedrals were because this specific one has survived many earthquakes. A good example of a Gothic Cathedral is the Reims Cathedral (see figure 6). This cathedral is located in France. It is very open and has many windows in order to let light in. There are many statues and inscriptions to represent the important people of the time, and the French’s love for their architecture and religion. Even though Reims Cathedral has been through a few fires, the people are more than willing to build it back up to both a beautiful piece of history and art.
In conclusion, both Gothic and Romanesque Cathedrals expressed different views of their religion, and they were both built very differently. Both types of cathedrals were used for different things, and the way they were viewed by the people were also different. Even though they both originated from different areas of Europe, people may be able to say that these two did have something in common. They were both created with religion in mind, and in the best interest of the locals who lived there. It is good to be able to continue to
learn about this today, and carry on the history that has set ground for today’s architecture.
figure 1
figure 2
figure 3
figure 4
figure 5
figure 6
Works Cited
Gothic Architecture - History for Kids!. (n.d.). Kidipede - History for Kids - Homework Help for Middle School. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/
Gothic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goth
File:Reims Kathedrale.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:
File:Se de Lisboa Frente.JPG - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Se_
Reims Cathedral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reim
File:Angouleme cathedral StPierre a.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ango
File:Bruxelles Notre-Dame du Sablon.jpg. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bruxelles_Notre-Dame_du_Sablon.jpg
File:Sainte chapelle - Upper level.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sainte_chapelle_-_Upper_level.jpg
Castle, b., & Lebanon. (n.d.). Romanesque architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romane
Wednesday, April 27, 2011
ROUGH DRAFT: Weekly 8
How do Romanesque and Gothic Cathedrals express different understandings about religious theology?
The Romanesque and Gothic Cathedrals took place from roughly the ninth to fourteenth centuries. They were used to express different people’s views of religion. This also showed that the different buildings affected the worship of Christians. These buildings mainly originated in Europe. Romanesque and Gothic Cathedrals both express different understandings about religious theology, and led the way for the changes and differences in Christianity. Romanesque and Goth Cathedrals are exactly alike and did not lay down any foundation for Christianity.
Romanesque architecture gets its name from Roman architecture because they are both a little alike. This period began in the ninth century when the economy was good enough to begin building good churches. These buildings were made of stone, in order to protect the people in case of an emergency in the town (see figure 1). The Romanesque churches far outnumbered the number of castles at this time, even though many castle were being built. These buildings were used more as a form of protection then as a place of worship. Obviously by the way they were built, the Romanesque churches were so that no one could invade the town and hurt people. Even on the inside of the churches, there is not much color (see figure 2). The inside is dark and there were very few windows. There are pillars inside, but not the delicate and beautiful designs that you would imagine; they are think and sturdy once again to symbolize and show the protection. Most of these churches include one large window called a rose window, and arches. All of these accessories and add- in show the strength and meaning of these buildings, and although, this is a much different type of architecture compared to Gothic architecture.
Gothic architecture came after the Romanesque architecture. The Gothic architecture period lasted from the twelfth to fourteenth century. Gothic churches have many windows. These windows have pointed tops unlike the Romanesque which have rounded tops (see figure 3). The French Christians that worshiped and built these churches wanted to let the light shine in. They believed that God was shining His light and that it needed to be seen. The inside of the Cathedrals are very delicate compared to the Romanesque. They are colorful rather than dark and gloomy (see figure 4). These windows were extreme works of art. They were filled with colorful stained glass and it is easy to see the tedious effort put into this phenomenal building.
One well known Romanesque Cathedral is the Lisbon Cathedral. It is located in Lisbon Portugal, and has a rose window (see figure 5). This is a good example of how well- built these cathedrals were because this specific one has survived many earthquakes. A good example of a Gothic Cathedral is the Reims Cathedral (see figure 6). This cathedral is located in France. It is very open and has many windows in order to let light in. There are many statues and inscriptions to represent the important people of the time, and the French’s love for their architecture and religion. Even though Reims Cathedral has been through a few fires, the people are more than willing to build it back up to both a beautiful piece of history and art.
In conclusion, both Gothic and Romanesque Cathedrals expressed different views of their religion, and they were both built very differently. Both types of cathedrals were used for different things, and the way they were viewed by the people were also different. Even though they both originated from different areas of Europe, people may be able to say that these two did have something in common. They were both created with religion in mind, and in the best interest of the locals who lived there. It is good to be able to continue to learn about this today, and carry on the history that has set ground for today’s architecture.
figure 1
figure 2
figure 3
figure 4
figure 5
figue 6
Works Cited
Gothic Architecture - History for Kids!. (n.d.). Kidipede - History for Kids - Homework Help for Middle School. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/
Gothic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goth
File:Reims Kathedrale.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:
File:Se de Lisboa Frente.JPG - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Se_
Reims Cathedral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reim
File:Angouleme cathedral StPierre a.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ango
File:Bruxelles Notre-Dame du Sablon.jpg. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bruxelles_Notre-Dame_du_Sablon.jpg
File:Sainte chapelle - Upper level.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.).Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sainte_chapelle_-_Upper_level.jpg
Castle, b., & Lebanon. (n.d.). Romanesque architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romane
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